J.S. Bach: Six Suites for Viola Solo, BWV 1007-1012

Kim Kashkashian

EN / DE
The poetry and radiance of Bach’s cello suites (BWV 1007-1012) are transfigured in these remarkable interpretations by Kim Kashkashian on viola, offering “a different kind of sombreness, a different kind of dazzlement” as annotator Paul Griffiths observes. One of the most compelling performers of classical and new music, Kashkashian has been hailed by The San Francisco Chronicle as "an artist who combines a probing, restless musical intellect with enormous beauty of tone." An ECM artist since 1985, she approaches Bach’s music with the same commitment as revealed in her other solo recordings, the legendary Hindemith sonatas album and the widely acclaimed (and Grammy-winning) account of Kurtág and Ligeti.
Poesie und Glanz von Bachs Cellosuiten (BWV 1007-1012) haben sich unter den Händen von Kim Kashkashian zu erstaunlichen Stücken für Bratsche gewandelt. Sie bieten „eine andere Art von Düsterkeit, eine andere Art von Blendung”, wie Paul Griffiths kommentiert. Als eine der fesselndsten Interpretinnen von klassischer und neuer Musik wurde Kashkashian vom The San Francisco Chronicle gefeiert als „eine Künstlerin, die ihren bohrenden, ruhelosen musikalischen Intellekt mit einer enormen Schönheit des Tons verknüpft”. Seit ihren Anfängen bei ECM 1985 nähert sie sich Bachs Musik mit unveränderter Hingabe – wie auch ihre anderen Solo-Aufnahmen zeigen, darunter das legendäre Album mit Sonaten von Hindemith sowie ihre weithin gelobte (und mit einem Grammy ausgezeichnete) Interpretation von Stücken Kurtágs und Ligetis.
Featured Artists Recorded

2016-2017, American Academy of Arts and Letters, New York

Original Release Date

12.10.2018

  • CD 1
  • Suite II D minor, BWV 1008
    (Johann Sebastian Bach)
  • 1Prélude04:09
  • 2Allemande04:15
  • 3Courante02:12
  • 4Sarabande04:24
  • 5Menuet I & II03:41
  • 6Gigue02:57
  • Suite I G major, BWV 1007
    (Johann Sebastian Bach)
  • 7Prélude02:18
  • 8Allemande04:38
  • 9Courante02:56
  • 10Sarabande02:34
  • 11Menuet I & II03:38
  • 12Gigue01:59
  • Suite V C minor, BWV 1011
    (Johann Sebastian Bach)
  • 13Prélude06:28
  • 14Allemande04:51
  • 15Courante02:33
  • 16Sarabande03:02
  • 17Gavotte I & II05:50
  • 18Gigue02:32
  • CD 2
  • Suite IV E-flat major, BWV 1010
    (Johann Sebastian Bach)
  • 1Prélude04:48
  • 2Allemande04:10
  • 3Courante03:51
  • 4Sarabande03:34
  • 5Bourrée I & II05:28
  • 6Gigue02:45
  • Suite III C major, BWV 1009
    (Johann Sebastian Bach)
  • 7Prélude03:30
  • 8Allemande04:00
  • 9Courante03:32
  • 10Sarabande03:30
  • 11Bourrée I & II04:00
  • 12Gigue03:33
  • Suite VI D major, BWV 1012
    (Johann Sebastian Bach)
  • 13Prélude05:01
  • 14Allemande07:28
  • 15Courante04:02
  • 16Sarabande04:17
  • 17Gavotte I & II05:02
  • 18Gigue04:46
These interpretations are extremely free – often, they sound less interpreted than wholly improvised in the moment, absolutely fresh and new and unprecedented, as well as venerable and strong and wise […] Kashkashian’s large-hearted Bach is immensely and equally accessible to ears and mind and heart. Through realities of physics and acoustics, the viola is notoriously difficult to make ‘speak’ or resound as loudly or ringingly as a violin or cello. This does not seem to apply to Kashkashian or her instruments: Her tone is big, bold, deep, rich, and dark without being muffled in any way. […] Simply stupendous playing of what must be as thorough a revisioning or reimagining of what is possible in these works as has ever been achieved. We can ask no more from an interpretive artist. And the sound is fantastic.
Richard Lehnert, Stereophile
 
Die hohe Kunst dieser Interpretation ist es, denke ich, einerseits jeden Ton, jede Sequenz auf die sprichwörtliche Goldwaage zu legen, und es andererseits genau so eben nicht klingen zu lassen. Kashkashian spielt auch einen selbstvergessenen, quasi improvisatorischen Bach, einen, der jetzt, gerade, in diesem Augenblick, entsteht. Die Balance zwischen dem Analytischen und der Inspiration, und wie Kashkashian sie hält, ist absolut faszinierend
Christine Lemke-Matwey, Südwestrundfunk
 
There is something very corporeal in her interpretations: In her hands, these works are body music, rooted in breath and wood and muscle. […] The mood of her interpretation is searching, earthbound, human—she doesn’t treat solo Bach like divine math out of reach of mortal understanding. Her tone is sumptuous, moaning, throaty, with a catch of ache snagged in the instrument’s midrange. Her phrasing in the Préludes always seems to be worrying away at a nagging question—you can feel urgency in the way she presses up against her own tempo slightly in the Prelude to the D Minor suite. Her Bach is furrowed-brow Bach, crisis-of-faith Bach, toiling Bach. Her instrument has never sounded lovelier or humbler than it does here.
Jayson Greene, Pitchfork
 
Die Interpretation von Kim Kashkashian vereint in sich die Charakteristika stilgetreuer Wiedergabe und fantasievoller Quasi-Improvisation. Durch eine veränderte Reihenfolge der Suiten wird deren lehrbuchmäßig zunehmende Komplexität der Sätze weniger offensichtlich; vielmehr wird deren Abwechslungsreichtum unterstrichen. Kashkashian findet für jede Tonart und für jeden Grad der harmonischen Spannung den passenden Klang.
Carlos Maria Solara, Fono Forum
 
Throughout, repeats are discreetly ornamented, and there’s complete technical command, whether in control of colour, balance of chords, phrasing, dynamics or vibrato. For me, it was a voyage of rediscovery, aided by naturally vivid sound, and (easily overlooked) precisely gauged gaps between movement and individual suites.
Martin Cotton, BBC Music Magazine (Five Stars)
 
Obwohl wir diesen Zyklus als vom Cello okkupiert kennen, freuen wir uns an völlig neuen Klangwelten der armenischen Amerikanerin aus Boston. Da greifen introvertierte, melancholische Spiritualität und absolut klares Denken in eins, vom Komponisten so angelegt, von der Interpretin so dargelegt.
Wolf Loeckle, Neue Musikzeitung
 
Her interpretation unites elements from historically informed performance practice with consistently imaginative playing that has an almost improvisatory quality. With typical pedagogic thoroughness, Bach conceived a cycle of increasingly intricate compositions; here they are presented in a different, thoughtfully devised order which throws the variety of their compositions into even greater relief. Kashkashian finds different tonal shades for every key and degree of harmonic tension.  […] In compliance with another of Bach’s instructions, for the Sixth Suite Kashkashian exchanges her trusty Stefan-Peter Greiner viola for a five-stringed instrument built by Francesco Bissolotti. With four pairs of strings to bariolage upon, Kashkashian brings across the music’s airy brilliance with uncompromised clarity.  
Carlos Maria Solare, The Strad
 
Bach soll die Suiten für Cello geschrieben haben. Dabei wartete er auf diese Bratscherin. Wunderbar!
Volker Hagedorn, Die Zeit
 
Son interpretation se distingue par son audace rythmique, émancipée de tout carcan métrique. […] et une technique d’archet de grande classe comme une grande pureté d’intonation.
Jean-Michel Molkhou, Diapason
 
Die Einspielung durch Kim Kashkashian, eine der Größen der Viola der letzten Jahre und Jahrzehnte bis heute, legt nun die Cellosuiten in der Bratschenfassung vor. Diese Aufnahme fügt zwei Komponenten so selbstverständlich zusammen, dass es einfach überwältigend ist: Die Merkmale einer stilgerechten Wiedergabe einerseits und eine fantasievoll improvisiert wirkende Unbändigkeit zusammen ergeben mitreißende Präsensation. Dazu beigetragen hat vielleicht auch die Sortierung der Suiten, die nach den Gesichtspunkten einer stringenten Erzählung und nicht nach der Nummerierung im Bachwerkeverzeichnis vorgenommen wurde. Dabei findet Kashkashian jeweils den passenden Ton, für jedes Tongeschlecht und für jeden Grad der harmonischen Spannung.
Uwe Krusch, Pizzicato
 
Das tänzelt und schwingt, dass es eine große Freude ist. Schon nach wenigen Takten stellt sich die Frage nach dem Instrument nicht mehr, denn Kashkashian bringt diese Musik in all ihren Facetten, in all ihren rhythmischen Feinheiten und in ihrer ganzen Kunstfertigkeit zum Leuchten. Selbst komplizierte mehrstimmige Sätze gelingen mit staunenswerter Selbstverständlichkeit. Kashkashian hält sich nicht an die Abfolge, wie sie das Bachwerkeverzeichnis vorgibt. Die ursprünglich zunehmende Komplexität der Werke erscheint hier also in anderem Kontext. Nur die letzte Suite, gespielt auf einer fünfsaitigen Bratsche, steht als unbestrittener Höhepunkt am Schluss. Die dem Instrument hinzugefügte E-Saite wird dem großen Ton-Umfang dieser Suite bis in Randzonen hinein gerecht. Kim Kashashian erlaubt sich den Luxus, an einigen Stellen so frei zu spielen, dass ungewöhnliche Dehnungen entstehen. Ein Kritikpunkt? Nein, denn das kann sich nur leisten, wer diese Kunst wirklich beherrscht und sich darin zuhause fühlt wie im eigenen Wohnzimmer. Bei Kashkashian klingt Bachs Musik wie improvisiert, wie gerade erst geboren. Als Hörer sieht man die Solistin unweigerlich vor dem inneren Auge, wie sie mit ihrer Bratsche durch diesen Raum schwebt oder sich auf Zehenspitzen bewegt. Auf diese Weise erschließen sich die sechs Werke in ihrer ganzen Lebendigkeit und Unmittelbarkeit.
Christoph Vratz, Norddeutscher Rundfunk
 
Transferring the suites from cello to viola — the same notes but an octave higher — results in a combination of the familiar and the unexpected, all shot through with Kashkashian’s trademark eloquence. Perhaps the biggest surprise is that she plays the pieces out of sequence, beginning with the dark intensity of the D-Minor Suite rather than the sunny expansiveness of the G-Major, and interweaving the interpretive challenges of the latter three suites with the more plainspoken rhetoric of the first three. But the dislocations go further than that, as Bach’s music becomes more nimble and delicate; the great bottom-heavy textures of the cello are rarely in evidence. Kashkashian’s playing responds to that shift with wondrous precision, yielding performances that are at once forthright and slightly elusive.
Joshua Kosman, San Francisco Chronicle
 
When it came out in October 2018, the violist Kim Kashkashian’s recording of Bach’s Cello Suites seemed to be the best record I had heard that year. It has improved with time. Okay: What is there to lose? The most uninformed description of ‘Six Suites for Viola Solo’, a little more than two hours and twenty minutes long, might be that it is a great work played on the wrong instrument. Yet it seems to be the best record I’ve heard in my life. […] The wrong instrument? If so, the viola, an instrument long considered a recessive member of the European classical-music ensemble, might be the right wrong instrument. But that is all aside from what Kashkashian does on it. ‘Six Suites’ does not make you feel that the suites are, above any other attribute, venerable. Kashkashian’s version suggests she is holding them at a slight critical distance. She doesn’t use romantic affect or a lot of vibrato or dynamics. She renders the music with clarity and visceral appreciation, as if it is revealing something new and curious to her in almost every measure. […] Bach is hard to know, if only because of the scale of his accomplishment. It seems to me that Kashkashian’s own accomplishment reinforces this fact in a useful way. She doesn’t nail the suites, or provide the last word on them. When she’s finished, they are still alive. They keep moving while you sleep.
Ben Ratliff, Affidavit
Here are Bach’s six cello suites, played on the viola by one of the instrument’s greatest exponents, Kim Kashkashian.
Bach composed the suites around 1720 when he was in the employ of Prince Leopold of Anhalt-Köthen.  The autograph manuscript is no longer extant, and the earliest known copies date from 1726 and 1730, the latter made by Anna Magdalena Bach.  
 
Hearing the Suites on the viola, with its range an octave above the cello, Paul Griffiths remarks in the liner notes, the music takes on “a different kind of sombreness, a different kind of dazzlement, a different kind of self-examination.” His essay details the characteristics of the suites and the dance forms – the allemandes, courantes, sarabandes, minuets, bourrés, gavottes and gigues – and emphasises Kashkashian’s sense of pulse, which “comes from the music, not from the clock. Bach’s dances are not for jaunting feet but made rather of shapes and images moving in the mind.”
 
Kim Kashkashian approaches the suites as a player whose sensibilities have been shaped by engagement with new music as well as classical tradition. For these performances she uses contemporary instruments, including a 5-string viola (as called for in the Anna Magdalena Bach manuscript) for the challenging D major suite, and brings to the whole set a feeling of freedom, grace and power. The cello suites have long been part of her performance repertoire, approached from multiple perspectives. (In concert, for instance, inspired by György Kurtág’s insertion of Bach arrangements amid his Játékok pieces, she has sometimes threaded sections of Kurtág’s Signs, Games and Messages in between movements). In her hands, the music is very much alive, and speaks to the present.
This recording is Kashkashian’s second ECM New Series album dedicated to Johann Sebastian Bach. In 1991 she recorded the viola da gamba sonatas with Keith Jarrett on harpsichord.
*
 
Recognized internationally as a unique voice on the viola, Kim Kashkashian studied with Karen Tuttle and Walter Trampler at the Peabody Conservatory of Music in Baltimore.
The recipient of numerous prizes she received a 2013 Grammy Award in the Best Classical Instrumental Solo category for Kurtág and Ligeti: Music for Viola on ECM New Series. Kim Kashkashians recording, with Robert Levin, of the Brahms Sonatas, won the Edison Prize in 1999. Her 2000 recording of concertos by Bartók, Eötvös and Kurtág won the 2001 Cannes Classical Award for a premiere recording by a soloist with orchestra. Kim was awarded the George Peabody Medal for outstanding contributions to music in America, as well as the Golden Bow award of Switzerland. In 2016 she was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
As an advocate of contemporary music, she has worked to broaden scope of the violas voice and repertoire in collaboration with many composers including Tigran Mansurian, Péter Eötvös, Ken Ueno, Betty Olivero, Lera Auerbach and Toshio Hosokawa.
Marlboro and the Viennese School, represented by her mentor, Felix Galimir, were major influences in developing her love of chamber music. She is a regular participant at the Verbier, Salzburg, Lockenhaus, Marlboro, and Ravinia festivals. As soloist, she has appeared with the major orchestras of Berlin, London, Vienna, Paris, Milan, New York, and Cleveland and presented duo recitals in New York, Boston, Baltimore San Francisco, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Cleveland, Frankfurt, Berlin, Vienna, Munich, Paris, Athens, and Tokyo. Ms. Kashkashian, resides in Boston, teaching viola and coaching chamber music at the New England Conservatory, and is Founder and President of the project Music for Food.
 CD booklet includes liner notes by Paul Griffiths, and a performers note by Kim Kashkashian, in English and German.
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