Ravel, Franck, Ligeti, Messiaen

Duo Gazzana

EN / DE
A sense of discovery is a key theme in the third ECM recital of sisters Natascia and Raffaella Gazzana.  Alongside a landscape of French music for violin and piano, drawing on a multiplicity of inspirations, the album includes a premiere recording of György Ligeti’s 1946 Duo (dedicated to Kúrtag, and influenced by Hungarian and Rumanian folk music).  Duo Gazzana plays César Franck’s epic A major Sonata of 1886, and Maurice Ravel’s Sonate posthume, written in 1897, when its author was just 22, and the album concludes with Olivier Messiaen’s Thème et variations of 1932, a work which in some aspects prefigures the Quatuor pour la fin du temps.  The duo’s performances of Ravel, Franck, Ligeti and Messiaen were recorded at Lugano’s  Auditorio Stelio Molo RSI in March 2017 and produced by Manfred Eicher.
Entdeckungslust ist eines der Hauptmotive der dritten ECM-Aufnahme von Natascia und Raffaella Gazzana. Eingebettet in eine ganze Landschaft aus französischer Musik für Violine und Klavier, vielfältigst inspiriert, bietet das Album eine Erstaufnahme von György Ligetis Duo aus dem Jahr 1946 (seinem Landsmann György Kurtág gewidmet und von ungarischer und rumänischer Volksmusik beeinflusst). Sodann spielen die beiden Schwestern César Francks epische Sonate in A-Dur von 1886, Maurice Ravels Sonate posthume (komponiert 1897, im Alter von 22), sowie abschließend Olivier Messiaens Thème et variations von 1932, ein Werk, das bereits sein berühmtes Quatuor pour la fin du temps erahnen lässt. Unter der Regie von Manfred Eicher wurden die Stücke im Auditorio Stelio Molo RSI in Lugano im März 2017 aufgezeichnet.
Featured Artists Recorded

March 2017, Auditorio Stelio Molo RSI, Lugano

Original Release Date

20.04.2018

  • 1Sonate posthume
    (Maurice Ravel)
    13:48
  • Sonata for violin and piano
    (César Franck)
  • 2Allegretto ben moderato06:20
  • 3Allegro07:56
  • 4Recitativo fantasia. Ben moderato07:22
  • 5Allegretto poco mosso06:39
  • 6Duo for violin and piano
    (György Ligeti)
    03:08
  • 7Thème et variations
    (Olivier Messiaen)
    10:11
An amazing set of mostly 20th century music […] Take Franck’s ‘Sonata’ – it’s sultry, stately, and full of heart-swelling passion (but without too much melodrama – just enough, actually). The piano notes cascade into space with the viscosity of honey and the rolling drama of a person’s Chase of Happiness; the violin swells and sighs as if the author lost his love and his best friend in the same day and yet dignity is maintained. […] a stunning disc.
Mark Keresman, Icon
 
Impressive readings of Ravel, Franck, Ligeti, and Messiaen: Chamber works from the Duo Gazzana on the ECM New Series imprint; the attention to detail on this fine disc is fastidious, with highly impressive results.
Barry Forshaw, Classical CD Choice
 
Les sœurs Gazzana,nous mènent au cœur d’un paysage, celui des premières décennies du XXe siècle, traverse tantôt par des brumes mélancoliques, tantôt par des rayonnements espiègles. On est doc conquis par le jeu expressif et image du duo.
Rocco Zacheo, Tribune de Genève
 
Für ihr neues Album haben sich die Gazzanas ein Frühwerk von Maurice Ravel vorgenommen, gefolgt von einer Sonate von César Franck, sehr feinschmeckerisch. Am Ende ein rund zehnminütiges Glanzstück von Olivier Messiaen. Schwesterliche Eintracht in höchster Artistik.
Oliver Creutz, Stern
 
Each of the sisters is a fine player. Violinist Natascia has a fine sound, with a particularly rich lower register and a sweet upper register, while pianist Raffaella is a sensitive and expressive accompanist more than capable of taking the lead when the score calls for the piano to do so. Ravel wrote his ‘Sonate posthume’ (presumably he didn’t give it that title himself; that’s more like something Erik Satie would have done) in 1899, when he was 24, but many of the musical issues his mature works tackled are addressed here […]. It’s a beautifully expressive piece given an excellent performance. […] This more than worthy disc ends with Messiaen’s ‘Theme et Variations’ from 1932, which moves briskly through its hauntingly lyrical theme and first four variations until a climax that leads into the last variation, which takes up nearly half of the ten-minute running time. The variation finds Messiaen in the timelessly ecstatic mode that would appear to great effect in his ‘Quatour pour la fin du temps’ eight years later. It’s a surprising and satisfying conclusion to the piece, which is itself a very satisfying conclusion to this excellent disc.
Steve Hicken, Burning Ambulance
 
Der Grundton für dieses Album wird direkt in Ravels einsätziger, postum veröffentlichter Violinsonate angeschlagen. Im Alter von 22 Jahren schrieb Ravel 1897 dieses Werk und damit bereits mit beiden Füßen auf der Schwelle zu einem neuen Zeitalter. Die Sinnlichkeit, die Entspanntheit und der Zauber, den Geigerin Natascia und Pianistin Raffaella Gazzana mit ihrem wunderbaren Zusammenspiel auskosten und dabei ein beeindruckendes Spektrum an Farbschattierungen und dynamischen Facetten präsentieren, findet sich dann gleichermaßen in Francks Sonate wieder. Und auch hier erweist sich der Geigenton von Natascia Gazzana bei aller im großen Bogen geschlagenen Eleganz und Intensität als ungemein finessenreich.
Guido Fischer, Rondo
 
Ravel’s early single-movement ‘Sonate posthume’  - its theme predicting that of his String Quartet – is followed by Franck’s ‘Sonata in A’, so spacious yet cogent, brought off with panache. Finally comes Messiaen’s poignant ‘Thème et variations’.
Paul Driver, Sunday Times
 
This ECM recording is spacious and transparent with plenty of air around the players, making for an attractive and compelling listen. As a programme this works very well indeed, and no-one need hesitate in adding it to their collection. While there are indeed alternative performances of some of these works that offer a different angle on the music, this will always be the case when it comes to familiar repertoire. In this case the context is the important thing, and if you’d heard this as a recital then I can hardly imagine you would not have wanted a copy of the recording to take home afterwards.
Dominy Clements, Music Web International
 
Die italienischen Schwestern Natascia (Violine) und Raffaella Gazzano (Klavier) haben sich nach drei Alben als eines der interessantesten neuen Kammermusik-Duos etabliert. […] Kernstück der CD ist die kraftvolle und vielfarbige A-Dur-Sonate vom französischen Komponisten César Franck, die den Gazzanas vielseitiges Material bietet, Musikalität und Technik, aber auch penible Präzision im Zusammenspiel. […] Diese feinen Verbindungslinien zwischen scheinbar einander fernen Künstlern wie Ligeti, Ravel und Messiaen erfahrbar zu machen, gelingt den Schwestern Gazzana aus Sora bei Rom sehr überzeugend. In Zeiten großer Konkurrenz gerade auf dem Kammer-Terrain gehört konzeptionelles Denken zur künstlerischen Arbeit - umso schöner, wenn dabei so hochkarätige Ergebnisse herauskommen.
Werner Theurich, Spiegel Online
 
On their third album for ECM – a label known for its adventurous forays into classical music – Natascia and Raffaella Gazzana impressively channel the youthful passions of four European composers. Much as Yo-Yo Ma does with his cello, the Gazzana sisters transcend the sheet music with performances that are equal parts feeling and technique. For 50-plus minutes, they converse through their instruments without a jot of artifice or excess.
Louis A. Carlozo, Fra Noi
 
Wie gut die Geschwister aufeinander eingespielt sind und wie elegant und stilvoll sie die Musik entwickeln, lässt sich vom ersten Ton an spüren und dann durch alle Werke nachverfolgen. Diese bis auf Ligeti sehr französisch stimmungsvolle Musik wird von den Musikerinnen mit Fingerspitzengefühl, aber auch intensivem Eintauchen in die Farbschattierungen der Musik beleuchtet.
Uwe Krusch, Pizzicato
 
Sehr fein gezeichnet und sehr nach innen lauschend ist das, was wir hier zu hören bekommen, und das gilt im Grunde für alle Stücke, die auf der – fantastisch klingenden! – CD versammelt sind. Am grandiosen Schluss, bei Messiaen, verwandelt sich die Musik in ätherischen Sonnenstaub. Und mit dem 1946 komponierten Duo von Ligeti, das noch ganz im Bann von Bartók steht, aber trotzdem schon den späteren Meister zeigt und das als Welt-Ersteinspielung präsentiert wird, hält die Scheibe eine Überraschung bereit. Allein für dieses Drei-Minuten-Duo lohnt sich die Anschaffung der rundum gelungenen CD.
Burkhard Schaefer, Musik & Theater
 
Le duo Gazzana fonctionne bien: Raffaella tire de son piano des sonorities très intéressantes, notamment chez Ravel et Messiaen. Natascia privilégie la pureté du chant et la qualité du timbre et du phrasé, toujours élégant.
Jacques Bonnaure, Classica
 
Another recording of Franck’s Violin Sonata? Yes, but here’s a masterclass in how to make it sound fresh. First, Duo Gazzana – sisters Natascia and Raffaella – hasn’t settled for an obvious programme. Rarities by Ravel, Ligeti and Messiaen join this romantic warhorse […] The A major Sonata is a big work, with four movements working on the same motifs, and the Gazzanas have evidently thought exactly how best to convey its architecture. Not for them a performance driven by the heart: their expansive approach is clear-eyed and understated. They think in paragraphs rather than sentences. The sense of journey through the beautifully sculpted ‘Recitative-Fantasia’ and then arrival at the finale ‘Allegretto’ is unerring. It’s an authoritative performance. […] the poise the Gazzanas bring to both Ravel and Messiaen is impressive.
Rebecca Franks, BBC Music Magazine
 
Weiß Maurice Ravel, wo er da hinwill? Zart ist die Melodie, wiederholt sich scheu, scheint schon zu sterben, ehe sie erblüht ist…doch da versuchen es Geige und Klavier noch ein Mal, und siehe da, die Sonate in a-Moll von 1897 nimmt dank Natascia Gazzana und Raffaella Gazzana ihren schwärmerischen Lauf. Das Duo Gazzana nimmt sich gerne der Au?enseiter an. Auf der wohldurchdachten ECM-CD reist man ins 20. Jahrhundert, träumt noch mit César Franck von der alten Klangwelt, entdeckt kurz das modern volkstümliche Ringen bei György Ligeti und durchlebt in Olivier Messiaens ‚Thème et Variations‘ (1932) ein Vergehen und Sehnen.
Christian Berzins, Neue Zürcher Zeitung am Sonntag
 
Given both sisters' imaginative playing, and Natascia's willingness to color outside the customary lines, as it were, this is not just another disc of music for violin and piano. That being the case, I recommend it highly.
Raymond Tuttle, Fanfare
 
Mit dieser  ‘Wanderung durch einen französischen Garten der Musik’ (Wolfgang Sandner) rückt das Duo Gazzana nicht nur die zwischen Spätromantik und früher Moderne angesiedelten Werke ins rechte Licht, sondern vor allem auch sich selbst – den dringenden Wunsch, die beiden live zu erleben, eingeschlossen.
Egbert Hiller, Neue Zeitschrift für Musik
The third ECM New Series recording by Italian sisters Natascia and Raffaella Gazzana focuses primarily on French music, by César Franck, Maurice Ravel and Olivier Messiaen, and also pays tribute to Hungary’s György Ligeti, with a premiere recording of his Duo for violin and piano.
 
Where 20th and 21st century music was explored on their two previous discs – the first with music of Takemitsu, Hindemith, Janáček and Silvestrov and the second with Poulenc, Walton, Dallapiccola, Schnittke and, again, Silvestrov - this time Duo Gazzana also reaches back a little further in music history. The album begins with two pieces composed at the end of the 19th century, Ravel’s Sonate posthume, written in 1897, and César Franck’s monumental A-major Sonata for piano and violin of 1886.
 
“If you speak of French music, the first association is probably with music where atmosphere and mood are emphasized,” the Gazzana sisters note. “But the Franck sonata is something really solid as well as beautiful, and it has influenced so many other composers.” As Wolfgang Sandner remarks in the CD booklet essay, “The sonata is a test of interpretation. In particular, it requires a command of its architecture, built through successive cycles, of its expressive intensity, product of a formal clarity maintained through harmonic boldness, enharmonic ambiguities and modulations to distant keys, and not least the dialogue that develops between the two instruments.”
 
Studying and playing the Franck sonata was Duo Gazzana’s starting point for the repertoire of the present disc. “And then we tried, as we always do in our programmes, to find links and interconnections, musically and historically.”
 
Three of the featured pieces are early works. Maurice Ravel was just 22 when he wrote the Sonata posthume (which remained unpublished until 1975), Olivier Messiaen composed his Thème et variations at 24, and György Ligeti wrote his Duo (dedicated to his good friend György Kurtág) aged 23. The Gazzana sisters, who gave eloquent voice to early William Walton on their last ECM album, are fascinated by the transitional character and the promise of such pieces: “In them, you can already hear and sense the next steps that these composers will make in their musical language.” Early potential is also embodied in the Franck A major sonata: completed when its author was in his mid-60s, it was built upon a work he had sketched some three decades earlier.
 
The Franck, Ravel and Messiaen pieces reflect upon their authors’ close relationships with great violinists. Franck dedicated his sonata to a fellow composer, the virtuoso violinist Eugène Ysaӱe. Ravel’s 1897 sonata is said to have been inspired by the playing of his friend George Enescu, when both musicians were members of Fauré’s composition class in Paris. And Messiaen’s Thème et variations is dedicated to his first wife Claire Delbos, who gave the premiere performance. The profound keyboard skills of César Franck and Olivier Messiaen are however not to be gainsaid, and both had reputations as outstanding organists and improvisers. Raffaella Gazzana: “In some of the demanding counterpoint of the 4th movement of his sonata, especially, one can imagine Franck thinking also of the foot pedals of the organ.”
 
Messiaen and Ligeti were universes unto themselves: “Neither of them can really be classified in terms of any school.” Regarding the inclusion of the György Ligeti piece here, the duo says, “we like Ligeti’s music very much, but he didn’t publish music for our instrumentation. After doing some research we found a mention of the early Duo, and went in search of the piece.” In contradistinction to the Franck piece, where any new interpretation must take into account many distinguished recorded performances, “it was interesting and challenging to play the Ligeti with no other reference than the notes on the newly-printed Schott score.”
 
Paul Griffiths’s commentary on Duo Gazzana’s 2011 debut can serve equally as a summary here: “The programme as a whole is typical of the duo’s inquiring and sensitive approach to repertory. What we hear here is a vital freshness.”
 
Like its predecessors, the album was recorded at Lugano’s Auditorio Stelio Molo RSI, and produced by Manfred Eicher.
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Natascia and Raffaella Gazzana were born in Sora near Rome. Although their first official concerts as Duo Gazzana date back to the mid-1990s, they have been playing together from the beginning of their musical educations, their parallel musical experience and a love of chamber music enabling them to develop their shared sense of harmony. The two musicians, individually and together, have been encouraged by teachers including Bruno Canino, Ruggieri Ricci, Yehudi Menuhin, Corrado Romano, Piero Farulli, and Pierre Amoyal.
Composers who have dedicated works to Duo Gazzana include Valentin Silvestrov, Fabio
Maffei, Tõnu Kõrvits and Đặng Hữu Phúc and Bruno Canino.
 
For further biographical information visit www.duogazzana.com